Detail Cantuman Kembali
Implementasi Kultur Teknis di Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Rakyat dalam Menghadapi Dampak Perubahan Iklim (Implementation of Agronomic Practices in Smallholder Oil Palm Plantation Against to the Impact of Climate Change)
- Bagikan:
Abstract. Oil palm yield is lower in smallholder plantation and efforts to yield increasing pose a greater challenges with the increasing negative impacts of Climate Change This study aims to determine the agronomic practices of soil and water conservation management and the level of its application between partnership smallholders and independent smallholders. Purposive sampling was used to determine farmer respondents who came from partnership farmers (one farmer group) and independent smallholders (two farmer groups) with oil palm planted in 2009-2011. The research was conducted at Laburan village, Paser district, East Kalimantan. The results were analyzed descriptively. The results showed that farmers had implemented an adaptive agronomic practices to mitigate drought and flooding impact. These practices consisted of weed and understory management; fertilization and canopy management (pruning); utilization of pruned frond and empty bunches as mulch and source of organic matter; fresh fruit bunch harvest cycle; fire management; and crop integration during immature and young mature oil palm. Generally, these agronomic practices is mostly applied by partnership farmers who have received guidance and assistance from the oil palm company in partnership scheme than independent smallholders who are assisted on a limited basis by extension officer or retail traders.
Keywords: agronomic practices; climate change; smallholder; oil palm
Produktivitas perkebunan kelapa sawit rakyat rendah dan upaya peningkatannya menghadapi tantangan yang semakin besar dengan meningkatkatnya dampak negatif perubahan iklim. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui komponen kultur teknis manajemen konservasi tanah dan air dan tingkat penerapannya antara petani plasma dan petani swadaya. Purposive sampling dipergunakan untuk menentukan responden petani yang berasal dari petani plasma (satu kelompok tani) dan petani swadaya (dua kelompok tani) dengan kelapa sawit yang ditanam tahun 2009-2011. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Laburan, Kabupaten Paser, Kalimantan Timur. Hasil penelitian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa petani telah menerapkan kultur teknis kebun yang adaptif untuk menghadapi resiko kekeringan dan banjir. Kultur teknis tersebut berkenaan dengan manajemen gulma dan vegetasi bawah; pemupukan dan menajemen tajuk (pruning); pemanfaatan pelepah yang dipruning dan tandan kosong sebagai mulsa dan sumber bahan organik; siklus panen tandan buah; manajemen kebakaran; dan integrasi tanaman selama TBM dan TM awal kelapa sawit. Umumnya ramam kultur teknis tersebut lebih banyak diterapkan oleh petani plasma yang selama ini memperoleh bimbingan dan bantuan teknis dari perusahaan inti daripada petani swadaya yang didampingi secara terbatas oleh penyuluh ataupun pedagang perantara (toke).
Kata kunci: kultur teknis; perubahan iklim; petani; kelapa sawit
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Dr. Ir. Herry Wirianata, MS - Personal Name
Dra. Suprih Wijayani, M. Si. - Personal Name
Heri Setya - Personal Name
Dra. Suprih Wijayani, M. Si. - Personal Name
Heri Setya - Personal Name
2655-853X
NONE
Text
https://doi.org/10.37637/ab.v5i3.974
Agro Bali : Agricultural Journal Vol. 5 No. 3: 584-591, November 2022
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